Paris, the Roof of the Grande Arche
Located on the axis of the prestigious Paris
The history of this axis starts in the seventeenth century, when Louis XIV asked his first gardener André Le Nôtre, to draw him an axis extending from the Cour Carree of the Louvre and the Tuileries Gardens through to head north-west of Paris, in the direction of Saint Germain en Laye Castle, where kings appreciated the court hunts in hunting in its forests.
In the eighteenth century added two new elements to this axis: the Place de la Concorde under Louis XV (to which we add the famous obelisk in the nineteenth century) and the Champs Elysees under Louis XVI.
Napoleon completed this perfect alignment of two arches: the Arc de Triomphe on the Place de l'Etoile and another more modest size, the Arc du Carrousel, both from 1806.
The construction of the business district of La Defense, outside the limits of Paris, from the late 1950s, drew the scene of the last milestone Axis History: after many projects of all shapes available from the end 1960, the Grande Arche is finally retained in early 1980. This gigantic ark (110 meters high, 112 deep and 108 wide) lets the invisible line initiated by Le Nôtre, is a monumental opening in Paris. Almost perfect alignment ... Spreckelsen desired effect in shifting the Grande Arche 6 ° 33 '' to enhance the volume of the cube and recreate the already existing gap between the Cour Carree of the Louvre and Place de la Concorde.
Technical and human challenge
The design and construction of the Grande Arche at La Défense was a challenge met successfully by a team of 2 000 workers, mates, engineers, and architects. The president sélectionna in 1983 among 423 other projects the Grande Arche of a Danish architect then unknown, Johan Otto Von Spreckelsen. Having built only 3 small churches and his own house before, Spreckelsen associated with the architect of the Aéroports de Paris Paul Andreu, will design a monument to the very sleek hiding a very complex structure.
Hollow cube 300 000 tons based on 12 pillars plunging 30 meters into the ground, the monument has a mega structure designed so that the forces are carried in all directions like a dice, the Grande Arche could rest on any face.
The construction (1984-1989) appealed to many innovative techniques, including the establishment of 30 000 tons roof at a height of 100 meters, which was performed as a bridge starting at every turn.
Johan Otto Von Spreckelsen demanded the highest quality materials for his work: prestressed concrete silica fume, combining strength and flexibility (a density of 350 kg against 120 kg per m3 per m3 for normal bridge), 2.5 ha of anti-glare glass, 3.5 ha of the same type of marble that is used by Michael Angelo to his works: the Carrara marble. Each plate cost the price of a small car.
Despite the death of Johan Otto Von Spreckelsen in 1987, the Grande Arche de la Defense was completed in 1989 for the bicentenary of the French Revolution.
La Grande Arche, a dynamic monument
Inaugurated on the occasion of the summit of the G7 and the bicentenary of the storming of the Bastille July 14, 1989, the Grande Arche joined with pomp and arches of the Carrousel de Triomphe on History Axe. Exactly one hundred years after the inauguration of the Eiffel Tower. The public opening August 26, 1989, for the bicentenary of the Declaration of Human Rights and Citizen makes the operational monument: since the Great Arch, located in the heart of the largest European business center, is a place of life.
La Grande Arche home on a wall the Ministry of Equipment and the other insurance company AXA and Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations, 4 000 people occupying 46,000 m² of office space over 35 floors and two walls. 500,000 visitors take the unique panoramic elevators in the world to admire the Parisian Western views and especially the perfect alignment with the prestigious monuments of the Historical Axis.
Liberty and art are featured on the roof of the Grande Arche where you can admire works of art exhibitions to promote unknown artists. Visitors can then enjoy fine wines and modern cuisine as traditional after their visit in this privileged setting. The roof of the Grande Arche is also a meeting place, which hosts conventions and cocktails in a privileged setting.
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